Since 2007 (actually the first attempt was
made in 2004) I have been recording songbirds (indeed any birds that make
interesting sounds) in my spare time, using a Telinga
Pro 5 parabolic device with a stereo DAT microphone. First, a minidisk
recorder was used to save the sounds – very convenient except that it is
so tricky to transfer the files to the computer – but from 2009 on a Zoom
H2/H2n digital recorder has replaced it. When taken up in connection with
video filming, the Telinga sound was usually recorded directly to the
medium used by the camera.
Below you will find a small number of these recordings. There is some
focus on birds that imitate – they pick up the song of other birds, or
imitate other environmental sounds of different kinds. No audio filters
have been applied if not explicitly stated.
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Beginning in 2010 I have also filmed singing birds, not all of them true
mastersingers, but all delightful to listen to. See the
page Birdsong on film. Most of the birds
that have audio recordings are also represented there.
Lately, static or dynamic sonograms (made with Izotope RX v. 2 and Debut
v. 1.83) have been added to some of the sounds and movies. See below,
links marked with ® and red
text. More to follow!
First a number of recordings of three great imitators –
the marsh warbler (Swedish:
kärrsångare), the bluethroat (blåhake)
and Blyth's reed warbler
(busksångare).
The first marsh warbler recording contains a lot of other sounds from
dogs, fishermen, my handling of the parabole, and a reed warbler (listen
carefully). A gentle noise filtering (5 dB) with Izotope RX and some cuts
were necessary. The second and third are almost free of external noise
except for a passing airplane (in the long one). It was a silent night
indeed. The fourth recording needed some hum elimination. Marsh warbler 1 (Hålanda, 2007). .
Marsh warbler 4 (Hålanda, midnight, June 16
2014, 14 minutes). . ®
For voice + dynamic sonogram, gohere.
For a movie with (probably) the same individual, see the bottom of this
page!
The loud "noise" on the following bluethroat recordings comes from the
river Storån which was very close. If you hear reed buntings, bramblings
or willow warblers they are probably real, not imitations (but see
below!). Bluethroat 1 (near Storådörren,
Härjedalen, early June 2012) .
Bluethroat 2 (near Storådörren, Härjedalen, early
June 2012) .
Bluethroat 3 (near Storådörren, Härjedalen, early
June 2012) .
Bluethroat 4 (near Storådörren, Härjedalen, early
June 2012). . ®
For voice + dynamic sonogram, gohere.
Bluethroat 5 (near Storådörren, Härjedalen, early
June 2012) .
Bluethroat 6 (near Storådörren, Härjedalen, early
June 2012) .
Bluethroat 7 (near Storådörren, Härjedalen, early
June 2012) .
Blyth's reed warbler (sv:
busksångare) is a rare guest in Sweden, but in June 2017 I had the
opportunity to record one individual that stayed in Grästorp, Western
Sweden, for several weeks. The three sequences that follow are originally
parts of same, longer recording, but some noisy parts have been cut out.
The remaining "noise" comes from the nearby stream. It has been said that
the imitations of other birds that Blyth's reed warbler does are more
exact than those done by the marsh warbler. I cannot judge this issue.
When it comes to imitating other sounds, he matches the bluethroat.
In these recordings, you can hear him imitating running water as well as
cow (or goat or reindeer) bells, like the bluethroat. – Or is it a quite
different kind of bell? See below!
Blyth's reed warbler 1
(Ås, Västergötland, June 27 2017) .
Blyth's reed warbler 2 (Ås,
Västergötland, June 27 2017) .
Blyth's reed warbler 3 (Ås,
Västergötland, June 27 2017) .
Well, is it a cow or goat or reindeer bell? Listen to this gently filtered
version of 13 seconds of song – not from any of the above sequences –
where he repeats the same introductory signal followed by a bell six
times:
. Is there not something
like a Doppler effect in the bell's sound, especially in the two first
"bars"? Also look at the downward slope of the ringing sound as shown in
the spectrogram (left channel) of these bars:
A similar effect can be heard – maybe even more clearly – after 3:35 in
the second recording above, and after 1:42 in the third. My theory is that
the bird imitates the bells at a railway crossing that he has passed
during his flight!
The thrush
nightingale (sv: näktergal) is also a good imitator. The first
two of the following recordings had to be gently filtered because of
traffic and other noise. The third one is unfiltered, the sound of the sea
(and some wind) is prominent, and I think it gives the best feeling of
reality of the three. Thrush nightingale (Steninge, Halland, June
2010, 6+ minutes.
Thrush nightingale (north-west coast of Öland, 1 June 2016), 6+
minutes.
Thrush nightingale (north-west coast of Öland, recording
direction towards the sea, 1 June 2016), 6+ minutes.
The song of the Common nightingale
(sv: sydnäktergal) is generally considered to be superior to that of its
northern cousin. Here in a soundscape from a small village in Sardinia. Common nightingale (Sardinia, April 30, 2010,
1'21")
Both the robin
(sv. rödhake) and the redstart
(rödstjärt) are close relatives of the bluethroat. For the robin's song
see below. The redstart – not a prominent imitator –
usually sings very early in the morning. This recording is from Steninge
Kyrkby, Halland at 03.00, 7 June 2016. In the background a common
blackbird (koltrast). .
Another good imitator with a beautiful voice is the icterine
warbler (härmsångare, gulsångare). Here is an 8 minutes long
continuous recording. Some filtering had to be done and there is still
some wind noise, also two passing airplanes and a few more disturbances. Icterine
warbler (Steninge Kyrkby, 9.30 AM, 22 June 2016).
Here is the reed
warbler (rörsångare), a
relative of the marsh warbler, not quite as varied as a singer and not a
great imitator, but still fascinating to listen to. The time for the first
recording was not well chosen and I had to filter out some traffic noise.
Reed warbler (Hålanda, 9 PM, June 8 2014). ®
For voice + dynamic sonogram, gohere.
Reed warbler (Steninge Kyrkby,
Halland, 8.30 AM, 22 June 2016). Better conditions. Three minutes from a
15 minutes continuous recording, warbler starting at 0:26. A lot of other
voices: cuckoo, skylark, woodlark, swift,... and, as I remember this
morning but cannot hear now, a competing reed warbler (outside the
parabole's focus, to the right).
Then another one of my favourites (also a good imitator), the song
thrush (taltrast). Song thrush 1 (Hålanda,
2007). Running water nearby.
Song thrush 2a and Song
trush 2b (Hålanda, 2007).
This is actually a perceptual experiment. The first file is the original
recording of a choir of birds, including a song thrush duelling with a
common blackbird (or possibly a mistle thrush), all accompanied by a
chainsaw. In the second file the thrushes (and other birds) are in the
left channel and the chainsaw in the right (the separation was easy
because the frequencies do not overlap). Use headphones for clearest
effect. Song thrush 3 (Hålanda, 2010, 2+ minutes).
Listen to – what could be – the imitation of the wind after 35+ seconds.
The winter wren (gärdsmyg) is an
energetic and likable singer. Winter wren (Hålanda 2007).
I have chosen this short recording because of the thrush (probably a
mistle thrush) doing scale exercises in the background, most clearly heard
between the two performances of the winter wren.
Finally the beautiful, soft song of the woodlark
(trädlärka): Woodlarks
(and some other voices) at Piano Zucchi, Sicily, early May 2015, 6+
minutes.
For a movie from that occasion go here.
Other birds
Here is the bewitching night performer, European
nightjar (nattskärra, Hålanda 2007). Also the characteristic sound
of a northern lapwing (tofsvipa)
towards the end.
The pied avocet (Sv: skärfläcka)
has a surprisingly large sound repertoire. Its most well-known sound type
is a distinct, short call that comes in several versions, depending on the
situation in ways that are not quite clear. But is also has a soft and
varying "chatting" sound that may be characteristic of friendly social
interactions. In this recording from a group of four birds (probably two
couples), this social sound dominates, but there are also some distinct
short calls between 0:10 and 0:15. At least one skylark
(sånglärka) is heard very clearly during much of the time.
The avocet calls should be seen, not only heard. The above recording is
the first part of the soundtrack of a movie, https://vimeo.com/244820170.
For another avocet movie where many – not quite friendly – calls are
heard, see More
birds, and other flying friends: June 2015.
More pure voices will follow. In the meantime, pay a visit or two to the
world's greatest repository of bird sounds: xeno-canto.
It is a marvellous site.